Political Force : PowerPoint

USES OF FORCES

The Uses of Forces : International Relations

Political Use of Force:

The use of force represents partial failure of policy. The exception is the case in which fighting is valued for its own sake – when it is believed that war brings heroic values and purifies individuals and cultures, or when fighting is seen as entertainment.

Because of the high cost of violence, the use of force is tempered by restraints and bargaining. Only when everything is good for one side is bad for the other do the opponents gains nothing by bargaining. In most case, certain outcomes are clearly bad for both sides; therefore, even though they are at war, each side shares an interest in avoiding them

There are three factors largely account for increasing destructiveness of the wars of the last two centuries. First, the steady technological improvement in weaponry. Second, the growth in the capacity, and thus the need, of states to field ever larger number f of forces. Third, the gradual democratization of war: the expansion of the battlefield and hence the indiscriminate mass killing of non-combatants.

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PowerPoint Report in American Government:

Pol Sci 1o8

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Ancient Political Theories

PowerPoint Reports Presentations: 

Political Science 1o9

• Cicero
• John Calvin
• St. Thomas Aquinas
• John Salisbury
• St. Agustine